Isolation and Characterization of Trichoderma spp. for Antagonistic Activity against Avocado (Persea americana Mill) Fruit Pathogens

In this research, we aimed to isolate and identify native strains of Trichoderma spp. with potential activity against avocado pathogens (Neofusicoccum parvum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Diaporthe sp., Phomopsis perseae). Strains were isolated from roots soil obtained orchards different regions Mexico. Twenty-five isolated, which six (TSMICH7, TSMICH8, TRMICH9, TSMICH10, TSMICH15, TRJAL25) showed greater antagonistic capacity in vitro (>80%) pathogens. After 96 h, the strain undergoes a thickening hyphae, while phytopathogen tends thin, except for thicken. The characterization these was carried out through morphological observations amplification sequencing rDNA fragments (ITS regions), as well translation elongation factor 1-alpha (Tef 1-?), achieving identification harzianum. However, vivo evaluation (applying directly fruit), TSMICH7 maintained considerably high effectiveness (>90%) four phytopathogens tested, mainly P. perseae, N. increasing glucanases chitinases. Therefore, T. harzianum could be used biological control agent inhibit post-harvest avocados, thus avoiding significant losses fruit international importance.